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Materials analysis with micro-CT

Materials analysis with micro-CT

Precise results with 3D CT for materials analysis: porosity, inclusions, first article inspection, fibre inspection, assembly, 4D inspection…

HomeApplicationsTechnical needMaterial Analyses
Microstructure analysis of materials by CT
Sand particule - 170 kV - 5 µm
Characterising materials means understanding what is happening inside the material, not just what can be seen on its surface. X-ray computed tomography meets this need by reconstructing, in a single scan, the complete internal and external structure of a sample – with no cutting, no polishing and no alteration of the material under study.

This approach opens up several types of analysis: defect detection (cracks, porosity), metrology of complex components by measuring their internal and external dimensions, and research into, and characterisation of, materials such as ceramics or composites. Discuss my materials analysis project
<strong>0,25 &micro;m</strong><br><br>Maximum resolution for sub-micron observation-image
0,25 µm

Maximum resolution for sub-micron observation
<strong>Fibres &amp; composites</strong>&nbsp;<br><br>Orientation, tortuosity and length characterised individually-image
Fibres & composites 

Orientation, tortuosity and length characterised individually
<strong>Porosity, inclusions, cracks</strong>&nbsp;<br><br>Detected, quantified and positioned in 3D-image
Porosity, inclusions, cracks 

Detected, quantified and positioned in 3D
<strong>Welds &amp; assemblies</strong><br><br>Inspection without dismantling, including by laminography-image
Welds & assemblies

Inspection without dismantling, including by laminography

Microstructure analysis – high-resolution inspection

See inside your components at very high resolution (0.25 µm)

CT gives access to extremely fine detail, with sub-micron resolution that makes it possible to observe features down to the hundred-nanometre scale. The technology is widely used in industrial and research laboratories to study how materials behave during simulations and in situ tests.

For researchers, biologists and engineers working on materials whose internal microstructure determines their mechanical behaviour, high-resolution CT has become a characterisation tool in its own right.

Porosity and inclusion analysis

Inspect the inside of your components

X-rays are particularly sensitive to variations in material (type, thickness), which makes it possible to visualise and quantify defects in three dimensions, down to a few hundred nanometres.

Dedicated post-processing software generates comprehensive analysis reports, characterising each pore or inclusion by criteria such as sphericity or volume. Defects can be displayed in 3D with a colour code, positioned precisely within the volume of the scanned part.

Fibre analysis

Understand how composite parts behave

CT determines the orientation and distribution of fibres in composite materials, detects fibre clusters and associated porosity, and makes it possible to relate these observations to the mechanical properties of the fibres and the matrix. Tortuosity, length, diameter: several fibre parameters can be characterised individually.

These materials are widely used in the construction of lightweight components (aerospace, automotive…), where analysing fibre distribution provides essential information on mechanical properties.

The results can be analysed statistically with great precision, and complemented by a dedicated cell that reproduces real mechanical loads (tension, compression, torsion, temperature variations) – to better understand failure mechanisms and the mechanical behaviour of materials.

Defect inspection

Inspect and quantify all the defects in your parts

Cracks, porosity, inclusions: many industrial applications rely on CT to inspect manufactured products during production. These defects, which can appear over the course of the manufacturing process, reveal physical properties that are decisive for the quality and performance of the final component.

CT detects, identifies and quantifies these defects, with colour-coded 3D visualisation by size, shape or other criteria. The results can be exported in a variety of formats and used directly to improve production quality.

Weld inspections

Check every weld in your components

Many industrial parts rely on joints (welds, bonds, assemblies) whose quality determines the mechanical strength of the final assembly.

In foundry work, for example, a lack of fusion along a weld breaks the part’s cohesion and can cause cracks throughout its life cycle. CT makes it possible to quickly inspect a weld in its entirety and to adjust the welding station’s parameters quickly. A lack of adhesive on lower-density parts is just as easy to detect.

A quantitative analysis​ compares the total volume with the volume of porosity or inclusions and determines the fusion, brazing or joint height at any given point.

Assembly inspection

Inspect an assembly without taking it apart

Unlike most non-destructive testing techniques, CT is not limited by the geometry of the sample, within the limits of the density and size of the part: it inspects assemblies and complex parts with multiple hidden features.

At any stage of production, it lets you assess the quality of an assembly without having to dismantle it.

First article inspection (FAI) – Failure analysis

Validate your process before series production

First article inspection takes place at a specific moment: before production ramps up. The aim is not just to detect an isolated defect but to confirm that the manufacturing process will produce conforming parts repeatably – before committing to volumes. In the event of failure in service, the same approach makes it possible to trace the defect back to its origin without destroying the part.

CT compares the first part produced with its CAD model and identifies the dimensional deviations and internal defects that could call into question the machine settings or the choice of process parameters. It lets you adjust upstream, rather than discover a problem after several thousand parts have been produced. This approach reduces the scrap rate during start-up and shortens the time between validating a tool and launching production.

4D inspection – Dynamic scan results

4D micro-CT adds the time dimension to inspection: it reconstructs a sample dynamically, taking account of its changes and movements, rather than a single frozen state.

In practice, this makes it possible to follow, in real time, the propagation of a crack under mechanical stress, the evolution of a pore during a fatigue test, or the behaviour of a composite material during a heating cycle – by coupling the scan with a test cell that applies tension, compression or a temperature change during acquisition.

Rather than noting a defect after the event, 4D inspection shows how, where and why it appears over time.


Discuss my materials applications

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The platforms for analysing your materials

At RX Solutions, we offer 3 lines of CT systems: the Explorer, Nano or Force line. These lines can then be customised with our Series, to match your applications and operating constraints.
For production constraints, there is the FAB Series, and for dimensional measurements, the Metrology Series.


Product lines
EXPLORER
NANO
FORCE
Platforms
EasyTom S
EasyTom L
EasyTom XL
EasyTom B
EasyTom L
EasyTom XL
UltraTom
EasyTom L
EasyTom B
Series
Metrology Series



Fab Series





Performance
Resolution
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
Sample density
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
EXPLORER EasyTom S
Series
Metrology Series   
Fab Series   
Performance
Resolution            
Sample density            
EXPLORER EasyTom L
Series
Metrology Series   
Fab Series   
Performance
Resolution            
Sample density            
EXPLORER EasyTom XL
Series
Metrology Series  — 
Fab Series   
Performance
Resolution            
Sample density            
EXPLORER EasyTom B
Series
Metrology Series  — 
Fab Series  — 
Performance
Resolution            
Sample density            
NANO EasyTom L
Series
Metrology Series   
Fab Series  — 
Performance
Resolution            
Sample density            
NANO EasyTom XL
Series
Metrology Series  — 
Fab Series  — 
Performance
Resolution            
Sample density            
NANO UltraTom
Series
Metrology Series   
Fab Series  — 
Performance
Resolution            
Sample density            
FORCE EasyTom L
Series
Metrology Series   
Fab Series  — 
Performance
Resolution            
Sample density            
FORCE EasyTom B
Series
Metrology Series   
Fab Series  — 
Performance
Resolution            
Sample density            

Discover the 3 RX Solutions lines: Force – Explorer & Nano


Dental part scanned by Explorer micro-tomography Aerospace part in metal additive manufacturing 

EXPLORER

Versatile micro-tomography

2 µm RESOLUTION
300 kV SOURCE VOLTAGE
< 1 µm MIN. VOXEL

Reveal the invisible at the micron scale.

Access the finest microstructures, porosities and interfaces with a resolution down to the nanometre scale.

Platforms Easytom S · Easytom L · Easytom XL · EasyTom B
 Discover the Explorer line      
Microscopic structure analysed at nanometric resolution Life sciences, Wood

NANO

Nanometric analysis

250 nm RESOLUTION
160 kV SOURCE VOLTAGE
30 nm MIN. VOXEL

Reveal the smallest details with nanometric precision.

Nanometric resolutions to characterise microstructures, porosities and interfaces at a scale that optical microscopy cannot reach.

Platforms Easytom L · Easytom XL · Ultratom
 Discover the Nano line      
Electronic component inspected by Force high-energy tomography Titanium additive manufacturing injector 

FORCE

High-energy solution

4 µm RESOLUTION
450 kV SOURCE VOLTAGE
250 kgs Load up to

See through the densest materials.

Inspect thick metal parts, complex assemblies and highly absorbing components with optimal image quality.

Platforms Easytom L · Easytom B
 Discover the Force line      


How to identify my CT needs?

A custom-made solution, designed with you

If no standard platform matches your needs exactly, we can look at a custom project together. From a simple adaptation of an existing platform to a completely unique design, our teams work in collaboration with yours to design the CT system that will meet your applications precisely.

Discover custom-made CT systems

Materials analysisWhy entrust your parts to our CT experts?

At RX Solutions, all our teams are 100% dedicated to CT. From standard to custom projects, we have the solution that will meet your specific application precisely.
01

Manufacturer for over 20 years

We have been designing and building our CT systems in France for over 20 years. This direct expertise allows us to offer you the most suitable configuration, without depending on an intermediary.
02

A modular range to suit your needs

Force, Explorer, Nano or a custom configuration: our range covers a broad spectrum of industrial applications, with the option of adapting each platform to your specific constraints.
03

Complete technical support

Installation, training for your teams, preventive maintenance: we support you well beyond delivery of the machine to guarantee its long-term performance.
04

An international distributor network

Wherever you are, our distributor network provides local support, in your language and in line with local practices.


Discuss my CT needs

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 Materials analysesFAQ : what you need to know for your materials analyses

Industrial computed tomography (CT): what is it, and when should it be used for non-destructive testing (NDT)?
CT reconstructs an internal and external 3D volume in a single scan, without damaging the part. It is used to see and measure: microstructure, porosity/inclusions, fibres/composites, welds/bonds, assemblies and metrology. Benefits: a more reliable process, less scrap, quality evidence.
What is the difference from conventional 2D radiography?
2D radiography superimposes planes; CT provides a navigable 3D volume (slices, views, measurements) that reveals and quantifies internal defects and geometric deviations.
How fine a level of detail can be observed in a part with micro-CT?
Thanks to our nano tube, sub-micron observation is possible, down to 0.25 µm, so you can see the finest details in your parts and materials.
Composites and fibres: what analyses does CT provide?
Industrial X-ray CT is the only inspection technique that can easily characterise the overall structure of a composite component. It provides accurate measurements, from the complete structure down to the individual fibre – all the structural and dimensional aspects of a composite part can be assessed from a single dataset.
What is the most common analysis in CT? What does CT bring to porosity/inclusion analysis?
The most frequently performed analysis is the detection and quantification of porosity and inclusions, down to a few hundred nanometres. Post-processing software displays the defects in 3D with a colour code and positions them within the volume of the part.
Can an assembly be checked without taking it apart?
Yes: CT is not limited by geometry, and inspects complex assemblies at any stage of production.
What is 4D CT?
It is CT with the time dimension: it tracks the evolution of a part (movement, damage) dynamically, over one or more scans, including under load (tension, heat, etc.), using dedicated cells.

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